ABSTRACT
Background: Physical exercise and herbal treatment with antioxidant property induce a favorable effect on glucose metabolism in diabetic patients
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training combined with green tea extract consumption on blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats
Methods: Forty male Wistar diabetic rats aged 5 months and weights 290 +/- 20 were divided into 4 groups named as: resistance training, resistance training + green tea, green tea and control. The resistance training and resistance training + green tea groups engaged in exercise for 5 weeks with three times per week moving up the ladder with weight hanging their tail. Green tea extract [100 mg/kg] was gavaged once a day for 5 weeks. Forty eight hours after the last training session and green tea gavages, the fasting blood samples was collected for determination of blood glucose, cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglyceride levels
Results: Fasting blood glucose level significantly decreased in all three groups compared with control group, where as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL-C level significantly decrease in resistance training + green tea group compared to control group
Conclusion: Green tea extract and resistance training improve hyperglycemia and in combination improve lipid profile in diabetic rats
ABSTRACT
Introduction: since obesity and overweight have dramatically increased in recent years, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of hypoxia on responses of PYY3-36 and the appetite to interval exercise among overweight individuals
Materials and Methods: eight healthy male subjects [age, 22.14+/-2.11 yrs; height,175.28+/-7.69 cm; weight, 87.03+/-5.95 kg; BMI, 28.4+/-1.5 kg/m2] voluntarily participated in the study and performed an exercise protocols [cycling] in noromxic and hypoxic conditions on two separate sessions [Counterbalance] with a one week interval. Interval exercise included 5 repetitions of 4-min activity at 85%of HRmax, followed by 2-min active restat 50% of HRmax. The environmental and training conditions were kept constant in two sessions, with the exception that the interval exercise was performed with 15% reduction in oxygen partial pressure in a hypoxic trial. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise [10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes] and were analyzed for measuring the PYY3-36 using the ELISA technique
Results: environmental conditions did not induce significant effect on PYY3-36 responses to interval exercise [P=0.1], though, exercise increased the PYY3-36, especially in normoxic conditions. In addition, although there was a reduction in the appetite following the two trials, environmental conditions had no significant effect on appetite [p=0.872]
Conclusion: interval exercises increase circulating levels of PYY3-36 and reduce appetite, irrespective of the environmental conditions [normoxia or hypoxia] in which the exercise is performed
ABSTRACT
Background: Exercise and consumption of green tea affect the aging process. However, the effect of exercise training combined with green tea extract on leukocyte telomere length, quality of life [QoL] and body composition in aging has so far been unclear and inconsistent. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of aerobic training intervention and green tea extracts consumption either alone or in combination on leukocyte telomere length, QoL and body composition among elderly women
Methods: Thirty six elderly women, 60-65 years, were randomly divided into two groups, the exercise alone [placebo group] and exercise with green tea consumption [green tea group]. All participants in both groups were engaged to aerobic protocol exercise three times in week for five months. The participants in green tea group received green tea extract capsule 500 mg and placebo group received toasted powder capsule 500 mg three times a day for a period of five months. At baseline and end of the study the leukocyte telomere length, QoL and body composition were measured
Results: There were significant increase on leukocyte telomere length in green tea group compared with the baseline [P=0.004] and also placebo group [P=0.041] at the end of the study. Waist-hip ratio was also significantly decreased in green tea group compared with placebo group [P=0.016]
Conclusion: Our findings shows that combination of aerobic training with consumption of green tea has synergic effect on waist-hip ratio and leukocyte telomere length associated with aging among elderly women
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes is a global health problem and a major cause of illness. Exercise, diet and medication are the three pillars in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training combined with green tea hydroalcoholic extract consumption on blood glucose and lipid profile on diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in 40 male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 50 ml/kg streptozocin. After two weeks the diabetic rats with fasting blood glucose of 150 to 300 mg/dl were divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each and named as: aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise with green tea, green tea, and control. Aerobic exercise was performed as running on Treadmill for 5 days a week daily for 30-90 minutes with Treadmill speed of 18 -24 meters per minute. Green tea extract [100 mg/kg] was gavages once a day for 5 weeks. At baseline and endpoint fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triglyceride levels were determined in all groups. Fasting blood glucose level decreased significantly in all groups but triglyceride and cholesterol decreased in aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise + green tea groups at end point compared with baseline and also compared with control group. Fasting blood LDL-c level significantly decreased and HDL-c level significantly increase, in aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise with green tea at end point compared with baseline and also compared with control and green tea group. Aerobic exercise favorably affects glucose and lipid profile and in combination with green tea it has synergistic effects
ABSTRACT
Considering the sophisticated responses of cardiovascular system to different types of body exercises, dealing with this system and the effect of exercise on it has assumed an added importance. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two types of exercise, arm cranking and leg cycling, on cardiovascular, metabolic and hematologic factors. After obtaining informed consent 10 non athlete female students with a mean age of 25 +/- 2.69 years and mean height of 161.75 +/- 5.5cm participated in this study. They completed four experimental testing sessions [two maximal oxygen consumption test on a cycle ergometer and arm cranking to assess variations in respiratory gases and heart rate by using ergometer cycling and arm cranking vO[2]max, and two sub-maximal exercises including warm up for 5 minutes and body exercise on cycle ergometer or arm cranking with 70% of maximum O[2] consumption or 75-80% of maximum heart rate, for 30 minutes. Then the subjects took a 30 min rest in the sitting position. Heights and weights of the subjects were measured before exercise. Before and after exercise and after 30 min rest in sitting position, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded and blood samples were collected for measurement of blood lactate concentration, RBC, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC. No differences were found between the two types of exercises in regard to the HR, RBC, Lac, HG, Hct, MCV and MCHC but there were significant differences in relation to BP and MCH [P=0.013 and f[1.9] =9.385 for blood pressure; P=0.046 and f[1.9]=5.372 for MCH]. The results indicated no differences in the cardiologic, hematologic and metabolic factors during exercises with similar relative intensity. But we found a higher BP after arm cranking and an increase in MCH after leg exercise. Also, there were significant differences in all parameters except HG and MCH, before and after exercise
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of L-carnitinesupplementation on carbohydrate [CHO] and fat metabolism after resistance exercise. In this investigation, using a double blind, randomized, crossover, repeated measure design [1 wk washout], 10 healthy resistance-trained men [Mean +/- SD: age, 24.03 +/- 2.00 yr; mass, 72.26 +/- 5.31 kg; height, 173.90 +/- 5.02 cm] consumed 2 g placebo or LC supplement daily for one week and then performed 6 exercises of a resistance exercise protocol. Each workout was performed for 3 sets of 12 repetitions with 55% 1RM and rest periods were kept to 60 s between all sets and workout. Expired gases were measured for calculating CHO and fat oxidation. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after supplementation, immediately after resistance exercise and after the 1[st] and 24[th] hour after resistance exercise. Samples were analyzed for markers of glucose, NEFA, glycerol and insulin. Also L-carnitine plasma concentrations were measured, before and after supplementation. The results of this study suggest that plasma carnitine concentrations increased 14% [p 0.05]. Increased plasma insulin concentrations with L-carnitine and placebo after resistance exercise attenuated result in attenuate fat oxidation in this study
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine changes in salivary immunoglobulin A concentrations [S-IgA] and cortisol levels and any relationship between them, in adults after eight weeks of moderately intense exercise in the morning. Thirty, healthy, adult men [aged 30-50 years] having a sedentary lifestyles, were randomly selected and assigned to either the control or the exercise group; their exercise program consisted of three sessions a week, for eight weeks. Each subject performed exercise at 06:00 a.m at 75% of maximum heart rate during the study, while controls continued their normal life style. Changes in fasting S-IgA concentrations and cortisol serum levels were monitored at the beginning and end of exercise at [0900] a.m following every session. Analysis of data was performed, using t-student test for comparing means of pre and post test. Pearsons correlation was used to determine any relationship between S-IgA concentration with cortisol concentration. The level of significance was chosen at P